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While carbon dioxide and methane often steal the spotlight in climate discussions, there’s another greenhouse gas gaining urgent attention—nitrous oxide (N2O). Known as the “forgotten greenhouse gas,” nitrous oxide is over 260 times more potent than carbon dioxide and is the leading contributor to the depletion of the ozone layer. Though it currently accounts for only 5% of global warming, N2O emissions are rising faster than anticipated, making it a key player in the climate challenge.
Nitrous oxide primarily comes from two major sources: agriculture and industry. Agricultural activities, particularly the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers, release significant amounts of N2O into the atmosphere. On the industrial side, nitrous oxide is an unwanted byproduct of chemical processes such as the production of adipic acid (used in nylon) and nitric acid (used in fertilizers). Together, these sectors contribute the bulk of global N2O emissions, with the U.S. and China responsible for nearly 80% of the industrial emissions.
The importance of curbing nitrous oxide emissions cannot be overstated. Scientists believe that reducing these emissions could prevent millions of premature deaths globally by mid-century while also slowing down ozone depletion. The great news? We already have low-cost, effective technologies to significantly reduce N2O, especially from industrial sources. For example, some countries have successfully cut industrial N2O emissions by 99% through simple technologies like incineration and chemical breakdown.
Now, all eyes are on the U.S. and China, the two largest industrial emitters, to lead the charge. Recent commitments by U.S. chemical manufacturers and ongoing discussions between U.S. and Chinese leaders offer hope. If both nations ramp up their efforts, the impact could be massive—comparable to shutting down 50 coal-fired power plants or taking 50 million cars off the road.
This is why electing leaders who care about climate change is more crucial than ever. The decisions made by the president, Congress, and local representatives directly shape policies on how the U.S. tackles these emissions. We need leaders who are committed to climate action and are willing to push for regulations that address nitrous oxide and other potent pollutants. Voting for officials who prioritize the environment ensures that we can maintain momentum and implement solutions that protect the planet for future generations.
While N2O may have been overlooked in the past, its time in the spotlight has arrived. By taking swift action, we can make meaningful strides in the fight against climate change and protect the planet. It’s an exciting moment, full of potential, and with the right moves, we can turn the tide on this potent pollutant.
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